Monday, January 20, 2020
Foreign Direct Investment: Country Risk Assessment of Spain Essay
Table of Contents A.     Introduction                                         3 B.     Political Indicators                                   4-11 C.     Economic Indicators                              12-18 D.     Social Indicators                                   19-23 E.     Overall County Total                              24 F.     Works Cited                                        25 A. Introcution      Spain's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries ultimately yielded command of the seas to England. Subsequent failure to embrace the mercantile and industrial revolutions caused the country to fall behind Britain, France, and Germany in economic and political power. Spain remained neutral in World Wars I and II, but suffered through a devastating Civil War (1936-39). In the second half of the 20th century, it has played a catch-up role in the western international community. Continuing concerns are large-scale unemployment and the Basque separatist movement.      Spain's population density, lower than that of most European countries, is roughly equivalent to New England's population density. In ... ... 23 July 1998. http://www.businessweek.com/1998/31/b3589007.htm#Main%20Story Foreign currency Debt. Ministry of Economoy of Spain.      http://www.mineco.es/tesoro/deuda/acerca_de/en/acerca_div_i.htm Giles, Ciaran. Spain, Britain Predict Gibralter Deal. 21 November 2001.      http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A63022-2001Nov21.html Key Economic Indicators: Business Prospects for 2001. September 2001. Ministy of Economy in Spain http://www.investinspain.org/default.htm Society (Spain). On The Line. http://www.ontheline.org.uk Spain POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT. Tradeport Trade Directory.      http://www.tradeport.org/ts/countries/spain/political.html Quintero, Josephine. Economy of Spain: Historiacal Overview. http://www.andalucia.com/ U.S. Department of State, August 2000 Bureau of European Affairs.      http://www.state.gov/www/background_notes/spain_0008_bgn.html#econ World: Europe, Britain and Spain draft joint proposal for labour reform. November 1998.      BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_224000/224854.stm
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Realism Naturalism Modernism
During this literary period, notable African American writers contributed o this diverse array Of literature. African American writers of this period â€Å"were often engaged in bitter disagreement over the form and functions of African American expression, over the obligations of black writers to their publications, and even over how such publics were to be identified. †(94) By tackling issues that dealt with identity, sexuality, social tensions, internal confessions, gender and gender roles, etc. He writers of this period sought to give a certain social literary reality to this broad style of writing. Modernism depicts a strong internal break with tradition; style or event that aims to break with classical and traditional forms and attach modern ides. James Baldwin, a notable contributor to the realism, naturalism, and modernism era, pulled from personal experiences to formulate writings. â€Å"Line king the most intimate areas of his own experience with the broadest quest ions of national and global density. (390) With early life events such as his struggles with poverty, religious indoctrination, the estrangement from his step father, and identifying his sexuality, Baldwin managed to connect modern topics by showing how they connect with the traditional ideals adopted by society. In his literature he attempts to show, through his characters, how individuals adapt to the changing world as well as the changing times. Baldwin novel Giovanni Room, displays the literary subject of modernism through themes such as sexuality and sexual identity.Baldwin uses an array of characters in this novel to express how sexuality and sexual identity is neither homosexual nor heterosexual. It is neither black nor white. Baldwin purposely chooses not to disclose the race of the characters in this novel, in order to find a universal story. Romance and love can be experienced regardless of what someone identifies themselves as. The traditional ideals that some characters, especially the protagonist David, struggles with throughout the novel, show how societal labels effect certain ideas as either being considered â€Å"right†or â€Å"wrong'.The main conflict of Giovanni Room concerns Davit's sexual identity. Defining his sexuality or accepting that he likes men as well as women plagues the entire story. David wants to love women, because that is what society and family believes is morally correct. David is sexually attracted to men. By accepting this fact, in his mind, would devalue his masculinity as well as shame the values of his family and society. There are many reasons that contribute to Davit's internal conflict with his sexuality. The largest reason can be found in Davit's relationship with his father.In the novel, David has many flashbacks of his life. His mother passes when David is about five years old. Davit's father raises him and his Aunt Ellen lives with them as well. David describes his father as a calm man, very slow to ang er. An adolescent memory that David remembers greatly about his father are the cocktail parties that his father throws at their house. He says that his father is very sociable then, pouring drinks and flirting with women. One eight, Davit's father and his Aunt Ellen argue because his father returns home drunk and being out with women once again.His Aunt Ellen states that David is growing up and his father should be more careful about the activities he involves himself in around David. David, until this point, thinks nothing of his father and his relationships with other Women. After this point, he begins to look at his father differently and the women he encounters. Davit's father responds to Ellen during the argument, that all he wants is for David to grow up and be a man. This is one of the first instances where we see that being tit a woman or many women equates as the qualifier of being a man.This expression of sexuality that Davit's father states lead to David to battle with hi s own sexuality. In the beginning chapter of the novel, David befriends a guy by the name of Joey. The have a sleep over at Joey's house and begin to horse play and wrestle as boys do. The two go to bed, but are awaken by Joey saying that he has been bitten by a bed bug. David teases him and they play fight which leads the two to kiss and make love. David awakes in the morning admiring Joey's body. Suddenly after realizing how much smaller Joeys body compares o his and realizing that Joey is a boy, his feelings then change.David feeling ashamed thinks of what his own father would think as well as Joey's parents if the two were caught in bed together. He leaves and from that day on when he see's Joey he is cruel to him, picking on him to please his new group of friends as well as proving to himself in a way that he is not homosexual. David does not seem to be at peace with his sexuality. Even when in a relationship with his fiance Bella, she eventually tells him that he seems withdra wn especially while the two are being intimate with each other.At one mint in the novel, David meets Giovanni and he tells Giovanni that he has never been with a man. David knowing that he has told a lie says to himself that, ‘People are too various to be treated so lightly. Am too various to be trusted (5) Not only is David in denial about his sexuality, he does not even trust himself with someone's heart. There are times in the novel that after David has sex with men (Giovanni and Joey) he begins to think about his father as well as the other party's family. Imagining what they will think of two men being intimate with each other.This is another continuation of how societal views and family morals override David being at peace with his own sexuality. While in Paris, David involves himself with a community of homosexual men in which he considers his friends. These men take him out to bars as well as sometimes helping him financially. Through this group of friends he eventuall y meets his lover Giovanni. While at a bar one night, Davit's friend Jacques notices how comfortable Giovanni and David are together. He pulls David to the side and Jacques tells David that he looks like something in a vision.He tells him that this is an important day for him. ‘†You re lucky that what is happening to you now is happening now and not when you are forty, or something like that, when there would be no hope for you and you would simply be destroyed†(66). David pretends he doesn't know what is going on and Jacques presses the point by asking if he will write a letter to Hell to tell her about Giovanni. David tells Jacques that he finds Jacques life despicable and Jacques responds that he could say the same of Davit's life. In that David is not really being honest with whom he truly is inside and that is despicable itself.David asks if there is not some better way or him than to enjoy himself with young boys in the dark. Jacques tells him not to pretend that he too has not been with men in the dark. Jacques tells David that Giovanni affection for him should make him happy. Instead, he is ashamed. David says that he doesn't understand Giovanni kind of friendship, Jacques tells David, â€Å"Love him. Love him and let him love you. Do you think anything else under heaven really matters? †(98). Throughout the text Baldwin displays instances in which Davit's desires and sexuality are shaped not by him, but by society.Davit's character battles with what his ether will think of him, what society will see him as, and not by what his mind and body desire. Modernism explores ideals such as homosexuality and rids them of the traditional views that society sets to normalize.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Getting an Equity Card
Having an Equity card basically means that you are a member of the Actors Equity Association. Representing both actors and stage managers, the Actors Equity Association (AEA) has been negotiating wages and benefits for its members since 1913. Benefits According to the AEA, benefits include: Minimum salaries (negotiated rates, overtime, extra pay for additional duties, free housing or per diem on tour)Work rules (length of day, breaks, days off, safe and sanitary conditions)Health, pension and 401(k) benefitsDispute resolution (including recourse to impartial and binding arbitration)Just cause (penalties for improper dismissal)Bonding (guaranteeing payments to the Actors if the producer becomes insolvent or defaults)Supplemental Workers Comp insurance, which provides additional compensation over-and-above Workers Comp if youre injured on the jobEquity-only auditions via casting call and Equity hotlinesAgency regulationsMember discountsThe Equity News and websiteSeminars and special eventsProfessional name protectionTax assistance through VITAVoting privileges Union membership also includes access to service organizations like The Actors Fund, Career Transition for Dancers, the Actors Federal Credit Union and the AFL-CIO. These organizations offer a host of additional resources such as emergency assistance, seminars, career counseling, low-cost financial services, loans, and discounts. Starting a Career Every year, thousands of Broadway hopefuls flock to New York City hoping to break into the theater business. Before you rush off, you may want to stop and visit the Equity website to find out if a union is right for them. If you arent yet an Equity member, you might still land a role on Broadway. But your chances are slimmer. Many theater employers will only hire card-carrying union members. How to Get an Equity Card Gain employment under Equity Contract (this is often tricky because some shows wont let you audition unless you are already an AEA member).Be a member of a sister union such as SAG, AFTRA, or AGMA. Members of these unions can also register for AEA.Utilize the Equity Membership Candidate Program. If you are an actor or stage manager-in-training, you can register with AEA and earn credit towards eventual membership.
Friday, December 27, 2019
Parent Child Dynamics Self Perception Essay - 1874 Words
Parent-Child Dynamics: Self-Perception Many adolescence face difficulties when entering into new group environments, such as school, social groups, extracurricular groups, etc. It has been discovered that the family environment has a great impact on the confidence of an adolescent, the family being the child’s first group. It is difficult to pinpoint one specific trigger causing low self-esteem within groups, as hereditary factors play an important role. It has been found that a discouraging family environment effects one’s self-confidence within a larger group. The way in which a child is treated at home reflects the way he or she sees themselves and their position within other groups. Furthermore, the way in which a parent views their child is the way in which a child may view themselves when they are among others in groups outside of the family. These findings support my initial hypothesis that a parent who views their child negatively will then cause the child to view him or herself in the same negative way among others in social groups outside of the home. I would like to research the way in which a parent’s view of their child affects the child’s self-confidence in other groups. There is much existing research on the topic of parent-child dynamics and their effect on the child’s personality development. In Parentâ€â€Child Socialization, Gary W. Peterson and Boyd C. Rollins (1987) write: â€Å"In family interaction, complex sets of meanings are learned that allow familyShow MoreRelatedBiographical Sketch : Dr. Vimala Pillari1471 Words  | 6 Pagesshe has worked with many unfortunate child-victims and adult survivors of severe scapegoating, she now draws on her experience to explore and inform others of this phenomenon in families. Summary of Contents Scapegoating in families is a book written to shed light on the prevalence of such in today’s family dynamic. While the concept is not new, it is one that is not discussed as much as it should be. Thus the information in this book explores family dynamics in terms of scapegoating in familiesRead MoreThe Health And Academic Performance Of Children887 Words  | 4 Pageshealth and academic performance of children and is one reason why it affects educational outcomes. Children s health and learning have a great relationship within the socioeconomic status, these include the geographical location, family structure or dynamics and school and neighbourhood environments. The geographical location plays a vital role in a child’s health and intellectual development. Jones (2002) clearly indicates how students from remote (non-metropolitan) areas are significantly underachievingRead MoreHow Parenting Styles Affect Children Essay1583 Words  | 7 Pagesdifferentiated on levels of support and expectations. This paper focuses on parents with high support and high expectations,who are known as authoritative parents and those who are supportive with low expectations, who are are permissive. These four different styles of parenting lead to very different developmental outcomes for children in social, academic and emotional domains. However, this model does not fully explain parent-child interactions because it neglects to reference the environmental contextRead MoreA Sense Of Autonomy And Self Control Essay1569 Words  | 7 Pagesown needs by means of self-regulation. This means to self-regulate is fostered through the attachment cycle, a founda tion for relationships that creates and provides a way to adjust and adapt to future experiences, building a sense of autonomy and self-efficacy within the child. Today, many children face parental divorce, and their family dynamic and attachment cycle are altered. Divorce disrupts daily lives and often traumatizes children, affecting their self-perception and concepts of regularRead MoreChild and Adolescent Psycology1049 Words  | 5 PagesChild and adolescent psychology Name Institutional affiliation Children who, for many reasons are at a risk of losing their parents, or are living without their parents are exposed to discrimination and poverty. This makes them vulnerable to neglect, abuse and exploitation. Parenting can be defined as a dynamic process that depends on communication that takes place between children and their parents, families and environment. Parenting practices are vital in the development of a child, and areRead MoreFamily Dynamic And Relationships Have A Tremendous On The Emotional And Psychological Development Of A Child914 Words  | 4 PagesFamily dynamic and relationships have a tremendous on the emotional and psychological development of a Child. Studies show that children who experience strenuous or abnormal relationships with family members are more likely to participate in crime as a juvenile. Naturally parents have the strongest impact over their child teaching them through experiences, consequences and supervision. During development the close family members particularly the parents provide behavioral guidance to the child. ThisRead MoreAnalysis Essay on Childhood Obesity803 Words  | 4 Pagesalso feel that childhood obesity is not an epidemic. I do feel that a parent should show their child right from wrong when it comes to eating habits. However, I feel that once the child is seven years old he/she should be able to choose what kind of foods are good and bad for you. When it comes to allowing your children to watch television, and play video games over going outside and riding, their bike is to blame on the parent. Is childhood obesity an epidemic? It depends on whom you ask. AccordingRead MoreAdult Male, Adult Female, Adolescent Boy, And An Infant Girl752 Words  | 4 Pagesto sternly talk to the father. The teenager was not listening to the mother’s directions and the father seemed to be disengaged. The preschooler was sitting and eating, and then ran around and neither parent seemed to notice. The infant laid in her carseat and played with a toy. The family dynamics seemed to be that the mother was enmeshed. Personal boundaries within the family were not observed. For example, the mother and father started to argue about the father not backing up the mother and thatRead MoreHealth Policies and Health Determinants1438 Words  | 6 Pagesdefines health and how it pursues health? Has increased access to technology changed that perception over the last decade? Discuss the connection between health policies, health determinants, and health. Abstract Health policies, health determinants and health are all categories that are intertwined with one another. As technology becomes more advanced within the health industry, society’s perception on healthcare may change for the better or for the worst. And with the new technology,Read MoreDynamic Systems Theory Of Motor Development Essay1360 Words  | 6 PagesThe development of a child in the first year of life is extremely intense; in just 52 weeks’ an infant goes through major physical, cognitive and social and emotional developments. Three physical changes the infant undergoes includes (1) going from using basic reflexes to learning complex motor skills (e.g. how to crawl and walk); (textbook p. 142; Chapter 4), (2) developing fine motor skills (e.g. precisely reaching and grasping for a toy); (p. 185; Chapter 5), and (3) developing vision, specifically
Wednesday, December 18, 2019
Student Loans And Student Debt - 1128 Words
As Young teenagers become adults and start College, one issue that doesn’t seem as a big deal at the moment for many students are student loans. Young college students who don’t have the money, don’t have enough scholarship money, or family who doesn’t have the money to pay, will apply for student loans each year. They amount the student receives can vary depending on the college and what the student has achieved academically. Though interest rates are low with subsidized being 4.29% and unsubsidized being 5.84% (Federal Student Aid Interest rates and Fees), student loans still have a huge effect on college students once they graduate. One college graduate’s story helps explain the struggles for most students: â€Å"[I] am a PhD student working a full time job that pays less than $21,000 a year. By the time I finish this degree I will have well over 80,000 in student loans, which have already began to gather interest and make weight on my credit†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Real Life Student Debt Stories †¢ Student Debt Crisis Sarah March 26, 2016 Illinois). With many students with stories too similar to Sarah’s we need to focus on how we, college students and citizens of America, can help each other. Many people feel that we need to help college students with loans others believe that that need to handle their own loans. A hard choice to choose, either paying for college or getting loans and paying them when you leave college or drop below half-tie enrollment(Federal Student Aid UnderstandingShow MoreRelatedStudent Loans And Student Loan Debt898 Words  | 4 Pagestelevision. Unfortunately, at a staggering $1,200 per month in student loan repayment debt partly because she was misinformed of the terms of her student loan (55). Debt is foreseeable but student loan debt can leave borrowers distraught at the mere thought of the unrealistic terms (Hillstrom 55). All students entering college need to be aware of student loans and how they impact the future; either negatively or positively. For some students, a college degree is the key to success but for others theRead MoreStudent Loan Debt1074 Words  | 5 Pagesof Financial Literacy Available in Regard to Student Loan Debt This personal finance paper will concentrate on the insufficient amount of guidance that is available concerning student loans. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how prospective and current college students are ill prepared in their education and understanding of student loans. Three major issues that will be outlined in this paper include the large majority of college students are no longer able to pay for college out of pocketRead MoreThe Debt Of Student Loan Debt1168 Words  | 5 Pagesconsumer debt, which help contribute to the large sums of debt countless Americans find themselves faced with. Directly effecting many college students is student loan debt. Student loan debt is now the second largest form of consumer debt behind housing†declares the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (Grisales). This is due to the fact that student loan debt grew 7.1% in 2014 to $1.2 trillion (Grisales). If this statistic alone is not worrisome this next one is sure to be. The amou nt of debt in theRead MoreStudent Loan Debt778 Words  | 4 PagesPersuasive Speech Rough Draft Outline Title: Student loan Debt Crisis Speaker: Markevia Lee Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience of their choice of taking out student loans. Thesis Statement: College is not something to put off until after you have graduated, students need to find ways to pay for college before they graduate. I. Introduction: Attention-getter: The increasing trend of college students graduating with significant more student loan debt than job prospects is both alarming andRead MoreStudent Loan Debt2542 Words  | 11 Pagesï » ¿Student Loan Case 1) Summarize the student loan industry. Answer with respect to both public and private loans and be clear as to which you are referring to. a) What led to the inception of the student loan market? The inception of the student loan market started like any other loan market, there were a large amount of borrowers who needed money now to invest in college to make more later that were matched with lenders who had excess funds and wanted return on the funds. The National DefenseRead MoreStudent Loan Debt On College Students887 Words  | 4 PagesStudent Loan Debt on College Students Student loans are becoming more and more of a problem for college students all across the United States. As college tuition has significantly increased over the past years, it has become extremely common for most college students to finance their education through student loans. Tuition has become so expensive that it is almost unheard of for a student to pay for their tuition out of pocket or by working for their education part time. As the result ofRead MoreStudent Loan Debt And Education1082 Words  | 5 Pagesoday, society stresses the importance of postsecondary education to students due to the countless ways that an associates, bachelors, masters, or doctorate can enhance an individual future. For an individual to reach financial security in the United States’ economy it is basically mandatory that they have received a college degree. Postsecondary education will provide skills and knowledge that will prepare individuals to be successful within their career as th ey compete for leading positions. OverallRead MoreStudent Loan Debt: Is it worth it?1364 Words  | 6 PagesStudent Loan Debt: Is it worth it?            Many high school students are beginning their senior year and have already started to stress about how they will pay for their higher education. Although many students will have scholarships and financial aid, a lot more will struggle to pay for schooling and will have to take out multiple student loans. Many people wonder if higher education is worth the debt the country and the students are in and it is, however, there are alternatives.            Read MoreBenefits Of A Student Loan Debt991 Words  | 4 PagesWhen a student finally graduates from college there is this excitement that comes to you. You finally graduated and now can apply the things you have learned in the job or career you plan on. Unfortunately, it’s not that simple, many graduating student finds themselves in hug student loan debt. The numbers are staggering: more than $1.2 trillion in outstanding student loan debt, 40 million borrowers, an average balance of $29,000. Men and women laboring under student debt are postponing marriageRead MoreThe Student Loan Debt Total1736 Words  | 7 PagesThe student loan debt total was about nine hundred and two million dollars to one trillion dollars in the United States in 2012; the federal student loan debt made up about eight hundred and sixty-four billion dollars of the total debt (Driscoll and Clapp). Many people in the United States that cannot afford college tuition and additional fees take student loans and/or federal grants. Student loans are different from federal grants in that the loans have to be paid back with interest, while federal
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Corporate Governance Principles - Policies †MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance : Principles, Policies, and Theory. Answer: Introduction: Brian Ellis, whose age is 57 years and is working for a Blue and Green Taxi company since 15 years considers himself as a competent driver because till now he is not involved in any major accidents and he also believes that he has good skills of driving. However, the company has recently conducted a survey regarding the client satisfaction, and the results of the survey have revealed that some of the clients were not comfortable with his driving because of the speed and potential danger. Now, the manager has to look into this matter and take concrete steps regarding this issue. Since, Brian is a long-term employee; the manager needs to think properly before coming to inference. Here in this situation, the manager is concerned with the satisfaction of the clients as well as the retention of Brian in the company. The manager will deal with the situation by considering all the aspects of the business operations. Anti-discrimination legislation concerns the elimination discrimination in the workplace. The discrimination can be regarding age, gender, color, race, religion, sex, etc (Barak2013).Since Brian, is on the verge of getting retired as his age is 57 and the clients are not satisfied with his service, the manager cannot terminate him from the job. The manager needs to take a decision keeping in mind the ethical principles of business operations. Beside economic expectations, every company also has the ethical responsibilities (Veltri et al 2013).The most important ethical concept is integrity, if an organization acts with integrity, it will naturally lead to the progression of ethical behavior (Bryman and Bell 2015). Brian should comply with the instructions in a code of practice, and the manager should train him to ensure that he is aware and know how to comply with the relevant codes. Occupational health and safety involve the health concerns and the safety of the individuals in the w orkplace (Zanko and Dawson 2012). The manager should recommend Brian to make some concrete changes in his driving skills so that he can satisfy the clients in all the possible way. He should think about the life of the clients while driving the taxi. Therefore, he should not speed up until and unless the clients tell him to do so. As the clients feel uncomfortable with the speed and the potential danger of Brian's driving, he needs to work on these parameters because it is affecting his professionalism as well as the growth of the company. To achieve the high levels of customer satisfaction, an organization has to monitor continuously and inspect the opinions, experiences and feedback of the clients (Tricker 2015). Hence, the manager needs to assess the performance of Brian critically and recommend the alterations which are required in his driving skill. If he progressively learns and amends those changes, then he will be able to deliver his work in an efficient manner and satisfy t he clients. In case, if he is not able to inculcate all the changes in his driving skills, then an action needs to be taken such as re-training to work on the weaker sections to bounce back more efficiently. References: Barak, M.E.M., 2013.Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Friend, M.A. and Kohn, J.P., 2014.Fundamentals of occupational safety and health. Bernan Press. Tricker, R.B., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. OUP Oxford. Veltri, A., Pagell, M., Johnston, D., Tompa, E., Robson, L., Amick III, B.C., Hogg-Johnson, S. and Macdonald, S., 2013. Understanding safety in the context of business operations: An exploratory study using case studies.Safety science,55, pp.119-134. Zanko, M. and Dawson, P., 2012. Occupational health and safety management in organizations: A review.International Journal of Management Reviews,14(3), pp.328-344.
Tuesday, December 3, 2019
Violence In The Arts Plato Vs Aristotle Essay Example For Students
Violence In The Arts Plato Vs Aristotle Essay Nowadays, it is hard to turn on a television program, catch a movie or buy your younger sibling a video game without encountering a warning for extreme violence. Everyday, our lives are exposed to violence on the screen, whether it is in the latest Sopranos episode or even watching the six oclock news. For quite a while now, people have been demanding that stricter censorship be placed on the media, especially those programs and video games that can easily be obtained by the youth, due to their feelings that this violence can influence people to act out. However, this is not a new idea. Back in ancient Greece, the philosopher Plato believed that exposure to the emotions of the arts (especially drama) would encourage people to act out violent emotions portrayed in the drama. We will write a custom essay on Violence In The Arts Plato Vs Aristotle specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As documented in his work The Republic, Plato believed strongly that the perfect life was comprised of total balance and harmony in ones mindset and that any stimulated emotions would result in an imbalance. The first theorist to challenge Platos idea was his well-known student, Aristotle. Aristotle felt that exposure to the strong emotions of the arts had a positive psychological effect on people because it gave them a chance to let out any emotional frustrations that they might have bottled up inside. I concur with the ideas of Plato, being that the media has become such an influential authority in our society, and the constant exposure to violent behavior within the media is creating numbness to it, especially within our children, who are less able to distinguish between factual and fictional. Our society, beginning with a childs parents, should become stricter with Limiting exposure to violent visual entertainment, and only allow a moderate, if any, amount of violence to be seen by impressionable children and young adults. Drama had only recently developed in Ancient Greece when Plato began speaking against it, however it was already a popular part of Greek tradition. The somewhat violent plots that were also deeply entrenched in religious and family tradition, showed morbid situations; such as Oedipus Rex in which a son kills his father and marries his mother. Plato perceived the dramas as dangerous, because he felt that they created confusion, miscommunication and ignorance. He also felt that the entire worlds evils came from a defective sense of reality and that these dramas promoted that. For example, take a young child who grew up somewhat isolated from the outside world and whose only outlet to our society is through the media. His steady contact with violent programs (which in the end, show a happy conclusion no matter what happens throughout) may convince him that this type of behavior is normal and accepted. Plato was concerned especially about the influence that drama and even pornography would have on children, because he felt that their minds were not developed to the full extent in order to differentiate between the right and wrong that they see in the dramas. Many people will be quick to agree that a child should not watch a rated R action movie, yet they still allow them to view a Saturday morning cartoon in which the main character gets run over every episode and still comes back the next week. This can create a faulty understanding of reality to a child, as well as an unsuspecting adult, because it does not clarify that death is final. What about the movies that emulate and perhaps glorify the lives of drug dealers and gangs? Are they encouraging one to participate in this type of lifestyle by making it seem cool and their answer to their life situation or are they simply depicting reality of what goes on in todays inner cities? These questions are similar to an old saying: which came first, the chicken or the egg? The skewed perspective portrayed by movies, television, and video games can create a lack of sensitivity to emotional and/or physical harm. It may even cause them to want to emulate the kind of lifestyle they are seeing, thinking that it is a reflection of real life. Aristotle, on the other hand, believed that the best dramas were those which an ordinary person greatly misjudges, because this allowed the ordinary people who viewed it to realize the error and make it a moral learning experience à - a moral laboratory in which we can see our inner urges acted out and learn from the tragic consequences. ( Rosenstand, pg. 52) .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .postImageUrl , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:hover , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:visited , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:active { border:0!important; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:active , .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u01dfd9c0b1f141782e0f627d5f200fda:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Great Gatsby Essay IntroductionI agree somewhat with Platos views on censorship, since you never know exactly how someone will react to viewing a violent situation and whether they will be able to use their common sense and judgment to refrain from copying the actions of the characters. There have been many examples of copycats who have gotten their ideas from watching a violent film, but many will still argue that the majority is simply coincidence. In the end of the thriller Scream, Billy makes an important comment to Sidney, telling her not to blame the movies! Movies dont create psychos! Movies make psychos more creative!. However, a point that must be understood is that even though Aristotle was for the viewing of emotionally charged dramas, he also advocated a moderation of these violent stories. We should remember that the drama that Aristotle recommended as beneficial was not available twenty-four hours a day, as it is on a TV set; Greek dramas were originally performed once a yearà . (Rosenstand, pg. 55) If Aristotle were around today, he probably would advise about the effects of being overly exposed to the elements of moral decay in the visual entertainment and suggest a need for censorship as well. Viewing a documentary on the Civil War in a students classroom is one thing, since those are factual events that took place in our societys history, but allowing a child to play the video game Mortal Combat on a daily basis is unnecessary and does not provide an educational experience or an emotional outlet when constantly employed as a means of entertainment. Plato felt that censorship was necessary, especially for childrens materials, because he didnt trust people to distinguish between right and wrong on their own. In order to avoid a complete and rigid censorship put on by our societys government, parents should on their own monitor what their children are exposed to. I believe that the parent should decide what amount of violence, if any, they want their child to be exposed to and regulate that amount strictly until that child has reached an age in which he or she can determine between fantasy/reality, good/bad. Parents should also explain that the reality that is depicted in films, television programs and video games are not necessarily how real life is conducted. Parents with young children may want to compare it to a fairy tale, such as Hansel and Gretel, to illustrate a moralistic point. I feel that in order to reduce the chances of violent behavior later on in a persons life, they need to be taught, as a child that the way they see disagreements and issues being handled in violent entertainment is not the appropriate manner of solving them. This way the child will grow to understand and refrain from acting out the emotions represented in their favorite action movie or video game. In summary, I feel that after reflecting on Plato and Aristotles views on the problem of over stimulation of the emotions by drama, I found that I have been influenced by both of their opinions. Both philosophers made valid points, which should be recognized by todays society.
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